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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012

OR

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number: 001-34705

Codexis, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

650 421 8100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of April 30, 2012, there were 36,114,537 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.

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Codexis, Inc.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2012

INDEX

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Codexis, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(In Thousands)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)

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Codexis, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)

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Codexis, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(Unaudited)

(In Thousands)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)

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Codexis, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(In Thousands)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)

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Codexis, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. Description of Business

We are a producer of custom industrial enzymes. Our products enable novel, sustainable processes for the manufacture of biofuels, chemicals, and pharmaceutical ingredients.

We are developing our flagship CodeXyme^™ cellulase enzymes to convert non-food plant material, which we call cellulosic biomass, into affordable sugars, which can then be converted into renewable fuels and chemicals. We have been developing these cellulase enzymes with Royal Dutch Shell plc, or Shell, since 2006 for applications in the biofuels markets. We intend to market CodeXyme^™ cellulase enzymes to chemicals manufacturers worldwide. We are also developing our own novel processes to manufacture certain specialty and commodity bio-based chemicals, which we intend to commercialize with strategic partners. The first of these products is CodeXol^™ detergent alcohols. Detergent alcohols are used to manufacture surfactants, which are key, active cleaning ingredients in consumer products such as shampoos, liquid soaps and laundry detergents.

We have commercialized our technology, products and services in the pharmaceuticals market. There are currently over 50 pharmaceutical firms using our technology, products and services in their manufacturing process development, including the production of some of the world’s bestselling and fastest growing drugs.

We create our products by applying our CodeEvolver^™ directed evolution technology platform which introduces genetic mutations into microorganisms, giving rise to changes in the enzymes which they produce. Once we identify potentially beneficial mutations, we test combinations of these mutations until we have created variant enzymes that exhibit marketable performance characteristics superior to competitive products. This process allows us to make continuous, efficient improvements to the performance of our enzymes.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, and the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 are unaudited. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 5, 2012. The December 31, 2011 condensed consolidated balance sheet included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures including notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements.

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature considered necessary to present fairly our financial position as of March 31, 2012 and results of our operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. The interim results for the three months ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2012.

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Codexis and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. We have subsidiaries in United States, Brazil, Hungary, India, Mauritius, The Netherlands and Singapore. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences may be material to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Foreign Currency Translation

The assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries, where the local currency is the functional currency, are translated from their respective functional currencies into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, with resulting foreign currency translation adjustments recorded in the condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive loss. Revenue and expense amounts are translated at average rates for each period. Where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, nonmonetary assets and liabilities originally acquired or

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assumed in other currencies are recorded in U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the date they were acquired or assumed. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in other currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are not material for any period presented.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of certain of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

Fair value is considered to be the price at which an asset could be exchanged or a liability transferred (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Where available, fair value is based on or derived from observable market prices or other observable inputs. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instruments’ complexity.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities

We consider all highly liquid investments with maturity dates of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit with banks and money market funds. The majority of cash and cash equivalents are maintained with major financial institutions in North America. Deposits with these financial institutions may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Marketable securities included in current assets are comprised of corporate bonds, commercial paper, government-sponsored enterprise securities and U.S. Treasury obligations. Marketable securities included in non-current assets are comprised of corporate bonds and government-sponsored enterprise securities that have a maturity date greater than 1 year. Our investment in common shares of CO₂ Solutions Inc. (“CO₂ Solutions”) is included in non-current marketable securities.

We perform separate evaluations of impaired debt and equity securities to determine if the unrealized losses as of the balance sheet date are other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”).

For our investments in equity securities, our evaluation considers a number of factors including, but not limited to, the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, and our management’s ability and intent to hold the securities until fair value recovers. The assessment of the ability and intent to hold these securities to recovery focuses on our current and forecasted liquidity requirements, our capital requirements and securities portfolio objectives. Based on our evaluation, we concluded that as of March 31, 2012, the unrealized losses related to equity securities are temporary.

For our investments in debt securities, our management determines whether we intend to sell or if it is more-likely-than-not that we will be required to sell impaired securities. This determination considers our current and forecasted liquidity requirements, our capital requirements and securities portfolio objectives. For all impaired debt securities for which there was no intent or expected requirement to sell, the evaluation considers all available evidence to assess whether it is likely the amortized cost value will be recovered. We conduct a regular assessment of our debt securities with unrealized losses to determine whether the securities have other-than-temporary impairment considering, among other factors, the nature of the securities, credit rating or financial condition of the issuer, the extent and duration of the unrealized loss, expected cash flows of underlying collateral and market conditions. Based on our evaluation, we concluded that as of March 31, 2012, the unrealized losses related to debt securities are temporary.

Our investments in debt and equity securities are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at estimated fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are reported on the Statement of Comprehensive Income. Amortization of purchase premiums and accretion of purchase discounts, realized gains and losses of debt securities and declines in value deemed to be other than temporary, if any, are included in interest income or interest expense and other, net. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific-identification method. There were no significant realized gains or losses from sales of marketable securities during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consisted of amounts invested in money market accounts primarily for purposes of securing a standby letter of credit as collateral for our Redwood City, California facility lease agreement and for the purpose of securing a working capital line of credit. Restricted cash was unchanged during the three months ended March 31, 2012.

Revenue Recognition

In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) amended the accounting standards for multiple-element revenue arrangements (“ASU 2009-13”) and in April 2010, the FASB amended the accounting standards for revenue recognition related to milestones (“ASU 2010-17”).We adopted the above accounting guidances on January 1, 2011, for applicable arrangements entered into or materially modified after January 1, 2011 (the beginning of our fiscal year). We have determined that adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial position. The potential future impact of ASU 2009-13 and ASU 2010-17 guidance will depend on the nature of any new arrangements or material modifications of existing arrangements that are entered into in the future.

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Revenues are recognized when the four basic revenue recognition criteria are met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) products have been delivered, transfer of technology has been completed or services have been rendered; (3) the fee is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.

Our primary sources of revenues consist of collaborative research and development agreements, product revenues and government grants. Collaborative research and development agreements typically provide us with multiple revenue streams, including up-front fees for licensing, exclusivity and technology access, fees for full-time employee equivalent (“FTE”) services and the potential to earn milestone payments upon achievement of contractual criteria and royalty fees based on future product sales or cost savings by our customers. Our collaborative research and development revenues consist of revenues from Shell and revenues from other collaborative research and development agreements. For each source of collaborative research and development revenues, product revenues and grant revenues, we apply the following revenue recognition criteria:

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Change in accounting estimate - U.S. Government grants

We recognize U.S. Government grant revenue based on reimbursable costs incurred. Reimbursable costs include only allocable, allowable and reasonable costs, as determined in accordance with the Federal Acquisition Regulations and the related Cost Accounting Standards as applicable to the U.S. Government grant. Costs incurred include direct labor and materials that are directly associated with the individual grant plus indirect overhead and general and administrative type costs based upon our provisional indirect billing rates submitted by us to the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”). Our provisional indirect billing rates are subject to audit by the DOE. Changes in estimates affecting reimbursable costs are recognized in the period in which the change becomes known.

During 2011, our provisional indirect billing rates for the grant from the DOE under the ARPA-E Recovery Act were audited by the DOE resulting in a revision to our provisional indirect billing rates. The revised indirect rates were subsequently approved by the DOE during the first quarter of 2012. As a result of this change in accounting estimate, we invoiced and recognized $530,000 of additional grant revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2012 for reimbursable costs incurred by us in 2010 and 2011. The impact on our statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was a $530,000 decrease to our net loss and loss from operations and $0.01 reduction to our basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock. The impact of the change in accounting estimate is not expected to be material in future periods. The term of the grant agreement ends June 2012.

Income Taxes

We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, along with net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards, if it is more likely than not that the tax benefits will be realized. To the extent a deferred tax asset cannot be recognized under the preceding criteria, a valuation allowance is established. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

We recognize the financial statement effects of an uncertain tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination.

Stock-Based Compensation

We recognize compensation expense related to share-based transactions, including the awarding of employee stock options, based on the estimated fair value of the awards granted. All awards granted, modified or settled after January 1, 2006 have been accounted for based on the fair value of the awards granted. We generally use the straight-line method to allocate stock-based compensation expense to the appropriate reporting periods. Some awards are accounted for using the accelerated method as appropriate for the terms of the awards.

We account for stock options issued to non-employees based on their estimated fair value determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of the options granted to non-employees is remeasured as they vest, and the resulting change in value, if any, is recognized as an increase or decrease in stock compensation expense during the period the related services are rendered.

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock

Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock was the same for each period presented, because inclusion of all potential common shares outstanding was anti-dilutive. The following table presents the securities not included in the net loss per common share calculations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):

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Reclassifications

Certain amounts in prior period financial statements related to Shell including related party collaboration revenue (see Note 3), related party receivable, and related party deferred revenue have been reclassified to the corresponding non-related party accounts, since effective July 1, 2011, Shell is no longer considered a related party (see Note 7).

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Guidance Update

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08 that simplifies goodwill impairment tests. The new guidance states that a “qualitative” assessment may be performed to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. We adopted this accounting standard January 1, 2012, and the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact to our financial statements or disclosures.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05 that eliminates the option to present items of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity, and instead requires either, OCI presentation and net income in a single continuous statement in the statement of operations, or as a separate statement of comprehensive income. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. We adopted this update in the fourth quarter of 2011 and have presented a separate statement of comprehensive income. The adoption of this accounting guidance did not have a material financial impact on our financial statements.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04 that clarifies and changes some fair value measurement principles and disclosure requirements. Among them is the clarification that the concepts of highest and best use and valuation premise in a fair value measurement, should only be applied when measuring the fair value of nonfinancial assets. Additionally, the new guidance requires quantitative information about unobservable inputs, and disclosure of the valuation processes used and narrative descriptions with regard to fair value measurements within the Level 3 categorization of the fair value hierarchy. We adopted this accounting standard January 1, 2012. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on our financial statements or disclosures.

3. Collaborative Research and Development Agreements

Shell and Raízen

In November 2006, we entered into a collaborative research agreement and a license agreement with Shell to develop biocatalysts and associated processes that use such biocatalysts.

In November 2007, we entered into a new and expanded five-year collaborative research agreement and a license agreement with Shell. In connection with the expanded collaborative research agreement and license agreement, Shell agreed to pay us (1) research funding at specified rates per FTE working on the project during the research term, (2) milestone payments upon the achievement of milestones and (3) royalties on future product sales. The agreement also specifies certain minimum levels of FTE services that we must allocate to the collaboration efforts that increase over the term of the agreement.

The term of the agreement ends in October 2012, unless extended further by the parties. During the term of the agreement, we are required to act exclusively with Shell as it relates to the rights and research described in the arrangement and may not conduct research or contract to conduct research, for another party in the field of use. Under this agreement, we also have a right of first negotiation but not an obligation to manufacture any biocatalysts developed under the collaborative research agreement if Shell decides to out-source the manufacture of such biocatalysts.

In March 2009, we amended our collaborative research agreement and license agreement with Shell to further expand the scope of the collaboration and allow for additional purchases of the Company’s preferred stock by Shell. In connection with the amended collaborative research agreement and license agreement, Shell agreed to pay us (1) additional research funding at specified rates per FTE working on the project during the research term and (2) additional milestone payments upon the achievement of milestones. Shell has the right to reduce the number of funded FTEs, subject to certain limitations, with a required advance notice period ranging from 30 to 270 days and a subsequent period ranging from 90 to 360 days during which notices of further FTE reductions cannot be made by Shell. The length of these periods varies dependent on the number of funded FTEs reduced. Effective August 2011, Shell reduced the number of funded FTEs engaged in our research and development collaboration from 128 to 116 FTEs. We have not received any further notice of FTE reduction as of the date of filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

In accordance with our revenue recognition policy, the $20.0 million up-front exclusivity fee and the research funding fees to be received for FTE services are recognized in proportion to the actual research efforts incurred relative to the amount of total expected effort to be incurred by us over the five-year research period commencing November 2007. Milestones payments to be earned under this agreement

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have been determined to be at risk at the inception of the arrangement and substantive and are expected to be recognized upon achievement of the applicable milestone and when collectability of such payment is reasonably assured. We did not record any milestone revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, our collaborative research and development revenue from Shell was $13.9 million and $14.8 million, respectively.

Under the agreements with Shell, we have the right to license technology from third parties that will assist us in meeting objectives under the collaboration. If third-party technology to be licensed is identified and mutually agreed upon by both parties, Shell is obligated to reimburse us for the licensing costs of the technology. Payments made by us to the third-party providers were recorded as research and development expenses related to our collaborative research agreement with Shell. None of the acquired licenses are expected to be used in products that will be sold within the next year and the phase of the project has not reached technological feasibility. Shell reimbursed us for licensing costs of $233,000 and $65,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We record these reimbursements against the costs incurred.

In June 2011, Shell completed the transfer of all of its equity interests in us, together with the associated right to appoint one member to our board of directors, to Raízen Energia Participações S.A. (“Raízen”), Shell’s joint venture with Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio, (“Cosan”) in Brazil. As a result, Shell is no longer considered a related party. Notwithstanding the above, Shell did not transfer our collaborative research agreement to Raízen and we continue to collaborate with Shell. Additionally in September 2011, we entered into a joint development agreement directly with Raízen. Under the agreement, we will deploy our CodeEvolver^™ directed evolution technology platform to develop an improved process for producing first generation ethanol made from sugar. There has been no material financial activity with Raízen through March 31, 2012.

Manufacturing Collaboration

Arch

In February 2010, we consolidated certain of the contractual terms in our then-existing agreements with Arch Pharmalabs, Ltd. (“Arch”) by simultaneously terminating all of our existing agreements with Arch, other than the Master Services Agreement with Arch entered into as of August 1, 2006, and entering into new agreements with Arch. The new agreements, among other things, provide for biocatalyst supply from us to Arch and intermediate supply from Arch to us. We sell the biocatalysts to Arch at an agreed upon price, and Arch manufactures the intermediates on our behalf. Arch sells the intermediates to us at a formula-based or agreed upon price. We then directly market and sell the intermediates to a specified group of customers in the generic pharmaceutical industry. Under the new agreements, Arch may also sell intermediates directly to other customers, and a license royalty is owed by Arch to us based on the volume of product they sell to us and their other customers. Royalties earned from Arch under this arrangement were $257,000 and $162,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively and are reflected in collaborative research and development revenue on our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

4. Joint Development Agreement with CO₂ Solutions

On December 15, 2009, we entered into an exclusive joint development agreement with CO₂ Solutions, a company based in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, whose shares are publicly traded in Canada on TSX Venture Exchange. The joint development agreement expired in January 2011. Under the agreement, we obtained a research license to CO₂ Solutions’s intellectual property and agreed to conduct research and development activities jointly with CO₂ Solutions with the goal of advancing the development of carbon capture technology. We also purchased 10,000,000 common shares (approximately 16.6% of the total common shares outstanding at the time of investment) of CO₂ Solutions in a private placement subject to a four-month statutory resale restriction. This restriction expired on April 15, 2010. Since February 2010, Alan Shaw, our former Chief Executive Officer and currently an advisor to our board of directors, has served on the board of directors of CO₂ Solutions.

In January 2011, we extended our joint development agreement with CO₂ Solutions on essentially the same terms as the original agreement. The extended agreement will now expire on the later of June 30, 2012, or six months after the expiry of any third party collaborations.

We concluded that through March 31, 2012, we did not have the ability to exercise significant influence over CO₂ Solutions’s operating and financial policies. We consider our investment in CO₂ Solutions’s common shares as an investment in a marketable security that is available for sale, and carry it at fair value in non-current marketable securities, with changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Comprehensive Income (loss). We have estimated the fair value of common shares as of March 31, 2012, as determined by trading on TSX Venture Exchange. Accordingly, we have classified our investment in CO₂ Solutions as a level 1 investment as discussed in Note 6.

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5. Balance Sheets and Statements of Operations Details

Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities At March 31, 2012, cash equivalents and marketable securities consisted of the following (in thousands):

The total cash and cash equivalents balance of $26.6 million as of March 31, 2012 was comprised of money market funds of $20.4 million, commercial paper with a maturity date of less than 7 days of $2.0 million and $4.2 million held as cash, primarily with major financial institutions in North America. At March 31, 2012 we had six marketable securities, (Corporate bonds and U.S. treasury obligations) with an aggregated fair value of $7.1 million and an aggregated unrealized loss of $2,000, in a loss position for less than 12 months.

At December 31, 2011, cash equivalents and marketable securities consisted of the following (in thousands):

The total cash and cash equivalents balance of $25.8 million as of December 31, 2011 was comprised of money market funds of $18.9 million and $6.9 million held as cash, primarily with major financial institutions in North America. At December 31, 2011, we had 14 marketable securities, with an aggregated fair value of $18.5 million and an aggregated unrealized loss of $46,000, in a loss position for less than 12 months.

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Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

6. Fair Value

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Hierarchical levels which are directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to the valuation of these assets or liabilities are as follows:

Level 1 — Inputs that are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2 — Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities and which reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

For Level 2 financial investments, our investment advisor provides us with monthly account statements documenting the value of each investment based on prices received from an independent third-party valuation service provider. This third party evaluates the types of securities in our investment portfolio and calculates a fair value using a multi-dimensional pricing model that includes a variety of inputs, including quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. As we are ultimately responsible for the determination of the fair value of these instruments, we perform quarterly analyses using prices obtained from another independent provider of financial instrument valuations, to validate that the prices we have used are reasonable estimates of fair value.

The following table presents our financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2012 by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

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The following table presents our financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2011 by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

We estimated the fair value of our investment in 10,000,000 common shares of CO₂ Solutions using the fair value of common shares as determined by trading on TSX Venture Exchange. Accordingly, we have classified our investment in CO₂ Solutions as a level 1 investment. At March 31, 2012, the estimated fair value of our investment in CO₂ Solutions common stock was $854,000 and the unrealized loss was $462,000. At December 31, 2011, the estimated fair value of our investment in CO₂ Solutions common stock was $1.2 million and the unrealized loss was $155,000.

7. Related Party Transactions

Maxygen

Maxygen, Inc. (“Maxygen”) was one of our stockholders until it distributed its holdings to its stockholders in December 2010, and so transactions between us and Maxygen prior to that time were considered related party transactions. In October of 2010, we acquired Maxygen’s directed evolution technology patent portfolio for net consideration of $20.2 million including $20.0 million paid to Maxygen, transaction costs of $0.7 million and a royalty payable extinguishment of $0.5 million. We recorded an intangible asset for $20.2 million. In conjunction with this transaction, we terminated our existing license agreement with Maxygen including terminating our obligation to pay biofuels royalties to Maxygen.

Shell and Raízen

Prior to June 2011 Shell was considered a related party due to the size of its ownership interest. As discussed in Note 3, “Collaborative Research and Development Agreements”, Shell transferred full ownership of our common stock to Raízen, Shell’s joint venture with Cosan in Brazil. Based on our analysis and effective, as of July 1, 2011, Shell was no longer considered a related party. Before June 30, 2011, related party receivables, related party deferred revenue, and related party collaboration research and development revenue were primarily comprised of transactions under our five-year collaborative research agreement (currently set to expire in October 2012, unless extended by the parties) and a license agreement with Shell. The revenues earned from Shell are included in the collaborative research and development line on our consolidated statement of operations. Collaborative research and development revenue received from Shell accounted for 51%, 62% and 76% of our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Collaborative research and development revenue received from Shell accounted for 45% and 48% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

At the time of the transfer, Raízen owned 5.6 million shares of our common stock and has the right to appoint a member to our board of directors. In September 2011, we entered into a joint development agreement with Raízen to develop an improved first generation ethanol process with enhanced economics. There has been no material financial activity with Raízen through March 31, 2012.

Exela PharmaSci, Inc.

We signed a license agreement with Exela PharmaSci, Inc. (“Exela”) in 2007. A member of our board of directors is also on the board of directors of Exela. Under the terms of the agreement, Exela would pay us a royalty based on their achievement of certain commercial goals.

During the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, we recognized $150,000 and $225,000, Respectively of revenue related to this arrangement, respectively, shown in our consolidated statement of operations as collaborative research and development revenue. We did not recognize any revenue from Exela prior to 2011. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had no amounts owed from Exela.

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8. Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases

Our headquarters are located in Redwood City, California where we occupy approximately 107,000 square feet of office and laboratory space in four buildings. On March 16, 2011, we entered into a Fifth Amendment to Lease (the “Fifth Amendment”) with Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (“MetLife”) with respect to our offices located at 200 and 220 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California, (the “Penobscot Space”), 400 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California (the “Building 2 Space”) and 640 Galveston Drive, Redwood City, California (the “Galveston Space”), and with respect to approximately 29,921 square feet of additional space located at 101 Saginaw Drive, Redwood City, California (the “Saginaw Space”). Under the Fifth Amendment, the term of the lease of the Penobscot Space, the Building 2 Space and the Saginaw Space lasts until January 31, 2020, and we have options to extend for two additional five year periods. Pursuant to the Fifth Amendment, we surrendered the Galveston Space in August 2011. The Fifth Amendment provides a number of incentives to us including forgiveness of rent payments for the initial two months of the extended lease term for certain buildings, a tenant improvement allowance (“TIA”) of $2.4 million and an additional $0.8 million special allowances for certain HVAC costs. We intend to apply TIA funds toward capital improvements to the expanded facility as well as upgrades and reconfiguration of existing lab and office space. A portion of the TIA may be utilized by us to pay costs for furniture, furnishings and equipment.

As of March 31, 2012, we have completed the capital improvements to the expanded facilities and incurred $3.6 million of capital improvement costs related to the facilities. During 2011, we requested and received $1.8 million of reimbursements from the landlord out of the TIA for the completed construction. We requested reimbursement of the remaining $1.4 million of TIA early in the second quarter of 2012. The TIA is recognized when cash is received and on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease as a reduction in rent expense. Additionally, the Fifth Amendment waived our existing asset retirement obligations for the impacted buildings, resulting in a $0.3 million decrease of our obligation which in turn resulted in $0.1 million gain on extinguishment of asset retirement obligations recorded for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 in our condensed consolidated statement of operation as sales, general and administrative expenses.

We also lease space in 501 Chesapeake Drive, Redwood City, California (the “501 Chesapeake Space”). The lease for the 501 Chesapeake Space was not extended with the Fifth Amendment and will expire as per the original agreement in January 2013, with an option for an additional term of up to two years.

Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. In accordance with the terms of the lease agreement, we exercised our right to deliver a letter of credit in lieu of a security deposit. The letters of credit in the amounts of $707,000 and $707,000 as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, are collateralized by deposit balances held by the bank. These deposits are recorded as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets.

As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 we had asset retirement obligations of $587,000 and $580,000, respectively from operating leases, whereby we must restore the facilities that we are renting to their original form. We incurred $7,000 and $17,000 of accretion expense related to our asset retirement obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We are expensing the asset retirement obligation over the terms of the respective leases. We review the estimated obligation each period and we make adjustments if our estimates change.

Future minimum payments under noncancellable operating leases are as follows at March 31, 2012 (in thousands):

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Litigation

We have been subject to various legal proceedings related to matters that have arisen during the ordinary course of business. Although there can be no assurance as to the ultimate disposition of these matters, we have determined, based upon the information available, that the expected outcome of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Indemnifications

We are required to recognize a liability for the fair value of any obligations we assume upon the issuance of a guarantee. We have certain agreements with licensors, licensees and collaborators that contain indemnification provisions. In such provisions, we typically agree to indemnify the licensor, licensee and collaborator against certain types of third party claims. The maximum amount of the indemnifications is not limited. We accrue for known indemnification issues when a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. There were no accruals for expenses related to indemnification issues for any periods presented.

Other contingencies

In November 2009, one of our foreign subsidiaries sold intellectual property to us. Under the local laws, the sale of intellectual property to a nonresident legal entity is deemed an export and is not subject to value added tax. However, there is uncertainty regarding whether the items sold represented intellectual property or research and development services, which would subject the sale to value added tax. We believe that the uncertainty results in an exposure to pay value added tax that is more than remote but less than likely to occur and, accordingly, have not recorded an accrual for this exposure. Should the sale be deemed a sale of research and development services, we could be obligated to pay an estimated amount of $0.6 million.

9. Warrants

No warrants were exercised during the three months ending March 31, 2012. At March 31, 2012, the following common stock warrants were issued and outstanding:

10. Stockholders’ Equity

In 2002, we adopted the 2002 Stock Plan (the “2002 Plan”), pursuant to which our board of directors issued incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options (options that do not qualify as incentive stock options) and restricted stock to our employees, officers, directors or consultants. In March, 2010, our board of directors and stockholders approved the 2010 Equity Incentive Award Plan (the “2010 Plan”), which became effective upon the completion of our IPO in April 2010. A total of 1,100,000 shares of common stock were initially reserved for future issuance under the 2010 Plan and any shares of common stock reserved for future grant or issuance under our 2002 Plan that remained unissued at the time of completion of the IPO became available for future grant or issuance under the 2010 Plan. In addition, the shares reserved for issuance pursuant to the exercise of any outstanding awards under the 2002 Plan that expire unexercised will also become available for future issuance under the 2010 Plan. The 2010 Plan also provides for automatic annual increases in the number of shares reserved for future issuance, and during the three months ended March 31, 2012 an additional 1,439,827 shares were reserved under the 2010 plan as a result of this provision. As of March 31, 2012, we had a total of 11,266,542 shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our Plans and no shares available for issuance under the 2002 Plan.

We granted 754,820 restricted stock units (“RSU”) during the three months ended March 31, 2012. The RSU’s vest over four years with 25% of the RSU’s vesting on each annual anniversary. The fair value of the RSU’s was calculated based the NASDAQ quoted stock price on the date of the grant with the expense recognized over the vesting period. For the three months ended March 31, 2012, we recorded $310,000 of stock compensation expense related to all outstanding RSU’s.

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we issued 66,031 common shares for stock options exercised and 64,394 for RSUs which vested during the quarter.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We estimate the fair value of stock-based awards granted to employees and directors using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the use of highly subjective and complex assumptions to determine the fair value of stock-based awards, including the expected life of the option and expected volatility of the underlying stock over the expected life of the related grants. Since we were not a publicly traded entity prior to April 2010, sufficient company-specific historical volatility data is not available. As a result, we estimate the expected volatility based on the historical volatility of a group of unrelated public companies within our industry.

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We will continue to consistently apply this process until a sufficient amount of historical information regarding the volatility of our own stock price becomes available. Due to our limited history of grant activity, the expected life of options granted to employees is calculated using the “simplified method” permitted by the SEC as the average of the total contractual term of the option and its vesting period. The risk-free rate assumption was based on U.S. Treasury instruments whose terms were consistent with the terms of our stock options. The expected dividend assumption was based on our history and expectation of dividend payouts.

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The following table presents total stock-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

11. Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our chief operating decision makers are our Chief Executive Officer and our board of directors. The Chief Executive Officer and our board of directors review financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by information about revenues by geographic region, for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. We have one business activity and there are no segment managers who are held accountable for operations, operating results beyond revenue goals or gross margins, or plans for levels or components below the consolidated unit level. Accordingly, we have a single reporting segment.

Operations outside of the United States consist principally of research and development and sales activities. Geographic revenues are identified by the location of the customer and consist of the following (in thousands):

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Geographic presentation of identifiable long-lived assets below shows those assets that can be directly associated with a particular geographic area and consist of the following (in thousands):

12. Restructuring

During the first quarter of 2012, our board of directors approved and committed to a restructuring plan (“2012 restructuring plan”) to reduce our cost structure which included employee terminations in Hungary and the United States. The total estimated cost of the 2012 restructuring plan is $567,000 comprised of employee severance and other termination benefits. As of March 31, 2012, planned costs of $510,000 have been recognized in selling, general and administrative expenses on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We have made cash payments of $24,000 related to these expenses with the remaining $486,000 recorded in other accrued liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. We anticipated that all costs under the 2012 restructuring plan will be paid by December 31, 2012.

The table below summarizes the changes in our restructuring accrual:

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The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 5, 2012. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,( the “Exchange Act”). These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “estimate,” or “continue,” and similar expressions or variations. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors,” set forth in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and elsewhere in this Report. The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q represent our views as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our views to change. However, while we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we have no current intention of doing so except to the extent required by applicable law. You should, therefore, not rely on these forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

We are a producer of custom industrial enzymes. Our products enable novel, sustainable processes for the manufacture of biofuels, chemicals, and pharmaceutical ingredients.

We are developing our flagship CodeXyme™ cellulase enzymes to convert non-food plant material, which we call cellulosic biomass, into affordable sugars, which can then be converted into renewable fuels and chemicals. We have been developing these cellulase enzymes with Royal Dutch Shell plc, or Shell, since 2006 for applications in the biofuels markets. We intend to market CodeXyme™ cellulase enzymes to chemicals manufacturers worldwide. We are also developing our own novel processes to manufacture certain specialty and bio-based commodity chemicals, which we intend to commercialize with strategic partners. The first of these products is CodeXol™ detergent alcohols. Detergent alcohols are used to manufacture surfactants, which are key, active cleaning ingredients in consumer products such as shampoos, liquid soaps and laundry detergents.

We have commercialized our technology, products and services in the pharmaceuticals market. There are currently over 50 pharmaceutical firms using our technology, products and services in their manufacturing process development, including the production of some of the world’s bestselling and fastest growing drugs.

We create our products by applying our CodeEvolver™ directed evolution technology platform which introduces genetic mutations into microorganisms, giving rise to changes in the enzymes which they produce. Once we identify potentially beneficial mutations, we test combinations of these mutations until we have created variant enzymes that exhibit marketable performance characteristics superior to competitive products. This process allows us to make continuous, efficient improvements to the performance of our enzymes.

To date, we have generated revenues primarily from collaborative research and development funding, pharmaceutical product sales and government grants. Our revenues have increased in each of the last three fiscal years, growing from $82.9 million in 2009, to $107.1 million in 2010 to $123.9 million in 2011. Our revenues of $31.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 were consistent with our $31.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

Most of our revenues since inception have been derived from collaborative research and development arrangements, which accounted for 78%, 66% and 58% of our revenues in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Collaborative research and development arrangements accounted for 56% and 47% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2012, respectively. Collaborative research and development received from Shell accounted for 76%, 62% and 51% of our revenues in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Collaborative research and development received from Shell accounted for the 48% and 45% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2012, respectively.

Our product sales accounted for 22%, 31% and 39% of our revenues in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Product sales accounted for 42% and 49% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2012, respectively. Our product sales have increased in each of the last three fiscal years, from $18.6 million in 2009 to $32.8 million in 2010 and to $49.0 million in 2011. Our product sales increased from $12.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 to $15.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

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Notwithstanding our revenue growth, we have continued to experience significant losses as we have invested heavily in research and development and administrative infrastructure in connection with the growth in our business. In light of the growth in market acceptance of our products and services to date, we intend to continue our investment in research and development. As of March 31, 2012, we had an accumulated deficit of $192.2 million. We incurred net losses of $20.3 million, $8.5 million and $16.6 million in the years ended December 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively and a net loss of $7.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

Our revenue stream is diversified across various industries, which should mitigate our exposure to cyclical downturns or fluctuations in any one market. Revenues during 2009, 2010 and 2011 were derived primarily from the pharmaceuticals and biofuels markets, and consisted of collaborative research and development revenues, product sales and government grants, which are separately identified in our consolidated statements of operations. Based on our existing arrangements, we believe that revenues from both our pharmaceutical and biofuels customers should be predictable over the near term. The revenues that we expect to recognize from our collaborative research agreement with Shell should provide a high degree of visibility into our aggregate revenues through October 2012.

Revenues and Operating Expenses

Revenues

Our revenues are comprised of collaborative research and development revenues, product revenues and government grants.

Cost of Product Revenues

Cost of product revenues includes both internal and third-party fixed and variable costs including amortization of purchased technology, materials and supplies, labor, facilities and other overhead costs associated with our product revenues.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist of costs incurred for internal projects as well as partner-funded collaborative research and development activities. These costs include our direct and research-related overhead expenses, which include salaries and other personnel-related expenses (including stock-based compensation), occupancy-related costs, supplies, depreciation of facilities, and laboratory equipment and amortization of acquired technologies, as well as research consultants and are expensed as incurred. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no alternative future use are expensed when incurred.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of compensation expenses (including stock-based compensation), hiring and training costs, consulting and service provider expenses (including patent counsel related costs), marketing costs, occupancy-related costs, depreciation and amortization expenses, travel and relocation costs and restructuring expenses.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements requires our management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the applicable periods. Management bases its estimates, assumptions and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Different assumptions and judgments would change the estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements, which, in turn, could change the results from those reported. Our management evaluates its estimates, assumptions and judgments on an ongoing basis. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.

Financial Operations Overview

The following table shows the amounts from our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the periods presented (in thousands).

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Revenues

Revenues were flat during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 primarily due to increased revenues from product sales and government grants which was partially offset by declines in revenues from collaborative research and development projects.

Product revenues increased $2.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 primarily due to increased sales of our statin-family of products and increased product sales to our generics customers along with continuing sales of chemical intermediates used in the production of hepatitis C therapies.

Collaborative research and development revenues decreased $2.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 primarily due to a reduction of $1.5 million in our collaborations in carbon management with Alstom, $0.9 million reduction in our collaboration with Shell and a $0.4 million reduction in collaborations with pharmaceuticals customers.

Our collaborative research and development revenues with Shell decreased $0.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 due to the reduction in the number of funded FTEs from 128 to 116 starting August 2011, resulting in decreased revenue of approximately $0.3 million per month. We had an average of 116 FTEs and 128 FTEs in this collaboration during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, respectively.

Government grant revenues increased $0.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 due to the recognition of a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy under the ARPA-E Recovery Act program for $1.4 million compared to $0.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2011. The 2012 revenue amount included $0.5 million of revenue recognized in the first quarter of 2012 related to prior periods as a result of a change in accounting estimate related to our indirect billing rates under the grant. Approximately $0.3 million of the original $4.7 million grant from U.S. Department of Energy remains available to us for the remainder of the grant term which expires June 30, 2012.

Our top five customers accounted for 83% and 85% of our total revenues for the three months ended March, 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Shell accounted for 45% and 48% of our total revenues for the three months ended March, 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Cost of Product Revenues

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Our cost of product revenues increased $1.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 primarily due to the $2.2 million increase in our product sales. Gross margins increased 7% to 17% during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 primarily due to a change in the sales mix towards higher margin product sales in the first quarter of 2012.

Operating Expenses